The Role of Filtration Technology in Guaranteeing Citizens' Right to Health through the Provision of Clean Water

Abstract

Access to clean water remains a serious problem in various regions of Indonesia, despite the development of various technological innovations to improve water quality. Limited infrastructure, resources, and low public awareness of the importance of filtration technology are the main factors hindering the provision of potable water. This study uses a literature study method by analyzing various sources such as books, journals, and articles that discuss the issue of clean water access and the application of filtration technology in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that most water sources in Indonesia are polluted by industrial, agricultural, and household waste, where 7 out of 10 households still consume water contaminated with Escherichia coli. The government, through various policies such as the PAMSIMAS and SPAM programs, is striving to expand access to clean water, in line with the targets of the 2024 RPJMN and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In addition, the application of filtration technologies such as biofiltration, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, slow sand filtration, and ultraviolet (UV) purification has proven effective in reducing harmful contaminants and improving drinking water quality